Cholecalciferol (Cholecalciferol, also known as Vitamin D3) is an essential fat-soluble vitamin in the human body, primarily used for the treatment and prevention of skeletal diseases caused by vitamin D deficiency. This medication promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines, regulates blood calcium levels, and maintains bone strength and neuromuscular function. Common clinical indications include rickets, osteomalacia, and vitamin D deficiency due to chronic kidney disease or malabsorption.
Cholecalciferol has the same chemical structure as naturally synthesized vitamin D3 in the human body, thus exhibiting high biocompatibility. Its effects can last for several weeks, which is why intermittent high-dose administration or daily dosing as prescribed by a physician is common. This medication can be used alone or in combination with calcium supplements to enhance bone health.
The generic name of this medication is Cholecalciferol. Common brand names in Taiwan and Hong Kong include:
Cholecalciferol is classified as a vitamin drug, specifically belonging to the vitamin D3 category. Unlike other vitamin D derivatives, it has bioactivity closest to naturally synthesized vitamin D in humans, making it central to the regulation of bone metabolism.
Mainly used for:
Mild side effects include:
Severe side effects requiring immediate medical attention:
Contraindications: Patients with severe hypercalcemia or vitamin D toxicity should not use this medication. Those with a history of kidney stones or renal impairment should have dosage adjustments. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should use under medical supervision, as excess intake may affect fetal calcium metabolism.
This medication is classified as FDA pregnancy category A, but must be used strictly according to medical instructions. Do not increase the dose on your own. During treatment, avoid concurrent use with large doses of calcium supplements to reduce renal burden.
Concurrent use with thiazide diuretics (e.g., Hydrochlorothiazide) may increase blood calcium levels, raising the risk of hypercalcemia. When combined with anticonvulsants (e.g., Phenytoin), the latter may accelerate vitamin D metabolism, requiring dose adjustments.
Taking calcium or aluminum-containing antacids simultaneously may reduce absorption; it is recommended to take them separately. When using thyroid hormones, calcium-phosphorus balance should be monitored, as metabolism may be further disrupted.
For adult vitamin D deficiency, treatment usually begins with 2000-5000 IU daily. Severe deficiency may require single high doses (e.g., 50,000 IU weekly). Pediatric doses are calculated based on weight, typically 400-1000 IU daily.
Follow the pharmacist’s instructions regarding formulation and timing. Capsules can be taken with or without food, but taking with high-fat meals can improve absorption. Injections should be administered by healthcare professionals and not self-administered.
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as remembered. If it is close to the next scheduled dose (within 4 hours), skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule to avoid doubling the dose.
For missed high-dose weekly therapy, contact your physician immediately to adjust the upcoming treatment plan. Do not self-administer extra doses.
Overdose may cause hypercalcemia, with symptoms such as persistent vomiting, polyuria, and altered mental status. If overdose is suspected, seek immediate medical attention and bring the medication container for assessment.
Acute poisoning may require gastric lavage or the use of steroids and diuretics to lower calcium levels. Chronic overdose can lead to kidney stones or vascular calcification, requiring regular blood and urine monitoring.
Cholecalciferol (Vitamin D3) absorption is not affected by food and can be taken with or without meals. If gastrointestinal discomfort occurs, taking it with food is recommended. Excessive fat intake may enhance absorption, so if you are on a high-fat diet, follow your doctor’s instructions to adjust the dose accordingly.
What potential side effects may occur with long-term use of Cholecalciferol?Long-term high-dose use may cause hypercalcemia, with symptoms such as nausea, dizziness, or frequent urination. If combined with calcium supplements or antacids, regular monitoring of blood calcium and phosphorus levels is advised. Blood tests every 3 to 6 months are recommended, and do not increase the dose on your own.
Which common medications may interact with Cholecalciferol?Using with thiazide diuretics or calcium channel blockers may increase the risk of hypercalcemia. Concurrent use with steroids or anti-tuberculosis drugs (e.g., rifampicin) may reduce the effectiveness of vitamin D. Inform your healthcare provider of all medications, including herbal supplements and dietary supplements.
Do individuals with insufficient sun exposure need additional Cholecalciferol supplementation?Skin synthesizes vitamin D upon sunlight exposure, but older adults, individuals with dark skin, or those with prolonged indoor activity may be deficient. Your doctor will recommend supplementation based on blood test results. Do not rely solely on sun exposure, as excessive UV exposure can increase skin cancer risk.
What indicators should be regularly monitored to assess the efficacy of Cholecalciferol?Key indicators include blood calcium, blood phosphorus, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. For osteoporosis treatment, bone density scans are also necessary. Kidney function should be monitored as well, especially in patients with renal impairment, since excess vitamin D can burden the kidneys and require dose adjustments.
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