Lansoprazole is a Proton Pump Inhibitor (PPI) primarily used to suppress gastric acid secretion. It works by blocking the proton pumps in the parietal cells of the stomach lining, effectively reducing acid production. This medication is suitable for treating various gastrointestinal diseases caused by excess stomach acid.
Its main uses include treating gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), Helicobacter pylori infection, and preventing gastric mucosal damage caused by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Long-term use can promote ulcer healing and alleviate symptoms such as heartburn and stomach pain.
Lansoprazole is classified as a "Proton Pump Inhibitor." This class of drugs is a potent acid suppressant within gastrointestinal medications, often combined with antibiotics to eradicate Helicobacter pylori. Its mechanism of action is similar to other PPIs, but it has a longer duration of effect.
Main Indications: Treatment of active gastric and duodenal ulcers, usually in combination with antibiotics for Helicobacter pylori eradication. It is also used to control symptoms of GERD, such as acid reflux and retrosternal burning.
Other Uses: Prevention of gastric mucosal injury caused by long-term NSAID use (e.g., ibuprofen), and treatment of severe gastric acid hypersecretion caused by gastrin-secreting tumors (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome).
Common mild side effects include:
Serious Side Effects:
Contraindications: Do not use in individuals allergic to Lansoprazole or its excipients. Patients with severe liver disease should use with caution or avoid. Pregnant and breastfeeding women should weigh the benefits and risks, as the effects on the fetus or infant are not fully established.
Black Box Warning:
Concurrent use with anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin) may increase bleeding risk. When combined with antifungal agents (e.g., clarithromycin), liver metabolism interactions should be considered. Use with antiepileptic drugs (e.g., phenytoin) may reduce their efficacy.
Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal medications, especially those containing zinc, iron, calcium, or other supplements, as they may affect absorption.
The typical adult dose is 30 mg once daily, taken on an empty stomach in the morning. For Helicobacter pylori infection, it is usually combined with antibiotics, with doses adjusted to twice daily. GERD patients may require treatment for 1-4 weeks.
The tablets should be swallowed whole, not chewed or crushed. Extended-release formulations should remain intact; if the coating is damaged, a new dose should be used. Avoid taking with antacids; it is recommended to take at least 30 minutes apart.
If a dose is missed, take it as soon as possible. If it is close to the next scheduled dose (less than 4 hours), skip the missed dose and resume the regular schedule. Do not double doses to make up for missed ones.
Acute overdose may cause dizziness, diarrhea, or headache. Severe cases could lead to arrhythmias or altered consciousness. If overdose is suspected, seek immediate medical attention and bring the medication container for assessment.
There is no specific antidote; treatment is supportive, including gastric lavage, hydration, and monitoring vital organ functions. Long-term overdose may cause hypomagnesemia, requiring regular blood tests to monitor electrolyte levels.
Lansoprazole absorption is affected by food. It is recommended to take it 30 minutes before breakfast to ensure optimal acid suppression. If you miss a dose, take it as soon as possible and adjust the timing of subsequent doses. If it is close to the next dose, skip the missed dose.
Does long-term use of Lansoprazole increase fracture risk?Prolonged use of acid suppressants may affect calcium absorption, increasing the risk of osteoporosis or fractures. Patients are advised to undergo regular bone density scans and supplement with vitamin D and calcium under medical supervision. For long-term therapy, the healthcare provider will evaluate bone health and adjust treatment accordingly.
What drug interactions should I be aware of?Lansoprazole may reduce the metabolism of anticoagulants like warfarin, increasing bleeding risk, and may affect the absorption of drugs like ketoconazole. Always inform your healthcare provider or pharmacist of all medications, including prescription, over-the-counter, and herbal products, to avoid interactions.
Are there dietary restrictions while taking Lansoprazole?There are no strict dietary restrictions, but it is advisable to avoid excessive intake of spicy or fatty foods to reduce gastrointestinal discomfort. If taking iron or potassium supplements, they should be taken at least 2 hours apart from Lansoprazole to prevent absorption issues.
Can acid rebound occur after stopping the medication?Some patients may experience a temporary increase in acid secretion, leading to worsened heartburn after discontinuation, known as "acid rebound." This is usually temporary. Doctors may recommend tapering the dose gradually to minimize rebound symptoms.
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