Betamethasone And Clotrimazole

藥物概述

倍他米松與克霉唑(Betamethasone and Clotrimazole)是一種複方藥物,結合了類固醇與抗真菌成分。此藥主要用於治療同時存在皮膚炎與真菌感染的症狀,例如濕疹合併念珠菌感染或皮膚廯菌感染。

藥物中的倍他米松屬於糖皮質激素,能減輕紅腫與過敏反應;克霉唑則是廣譜抗真菌藥物,可抑制真菌細胞膜合成。兩者聯用能同步改善發炎與感染問題,縮短治療時間。

品牌名稱與學名

此複方藥物在不同地區可能有不同的商品名稱。常見的品牌包括「皮康王」(Canesten)、「皮炎平」等,具體名稱可能因製造商而異。學名藥通常直接標示「倍他米松與克霉唑乳膏」或「Betamethasone-Clotrimazole Cream」。

藥物分類

此藥物分屬於兩大類藥物:1. 腫脹劑類固醇(Topical Corticosteroid),2. 局部抗真菌藥(Topical Antifungal)。兩者在藥理機轉與作用靶點上各有專長,共同作用能提升治療效果。

適應症

此藥物主要用於治療由真菌感染引發的皮膚炎症狀,例如念珠菌性皮膚炎、廯菌感染合併濕疹等。適用症狀包括皮膚紅腫、癢癢、脫屑,以及有明確真菌感染證據的案例。

醫生可能開立此藥物治療以下情況:

  • 股廯合併過敏性皮膚炎
  • 乳暈部念珠菌感染伴隨濕疹
  • 其他需同步抗炎與抗感染的皮膚病變

常見副作用

輕微副作用包括:

  • 局部皮膚刺激感(如灼熱或刺痛)
  • 暫時性色素沉澱或皮膚萎縮(長期使用)

嚴重副作用需立即停藥並就醫:

  • 過敏性休克症狀(呼吸困難、廣泛性紅斑)
  • 真菌感染惡化或抗藥性產生
  • 免疫系統抑制導致其他感染風險提高

警告與注意事項

禁忌症:對類固醇或抗真菌成分過敏者禁用,開放性傷口、病毒感染(如水痘)或結核性皮膚病患者禁止使用。

妊娠與哺乳期需特別注意:懷孕期間僅在必要時使用,需由醫師評估利弊後開立。哺乳期婦女應避免使用,因藥物可能經皮膚吸收後進入乳汁。

藥物交互作用

與其他類固醇藥物合併使用可能增加副作用風險,例如增加血糖波動。與光敏感類藥物(如四環黴素)合用時,需避免長期日曬。

與口服抗真菌藥(如 ketoconazole)或其他局部皮質類固醇藥物合併使用時,需告知醫師以避免過量。

劑量與服用方法

一般建議每日塗抹1-2次於患部,單次用量約為指尖長1-2公分。需完全塗抹患部後輕柔按摩吸收,避免接觸眼睛或黏膜部位。

治療期間需嚴格遵循醫師指示的使用天數(通常不超過2週),不可因症狀緩解而提前停藥,應完成完整療程以預防真菌抗藥性。

遺漏劑量處理方法

若錯過一次塗抹,應盡快補抹藥膏,但若接近下次用藥時間則跳過遺漏劑量。不可為補足劑量而一次使用雙倍份量,以免增加副作用風險。

過量處理方法

若誤用過量(如全身性塗抹或長期過量使用),可能引發全身性類固醇副作用,如月經紊亂、血糖異常等,應立即停藥並就醫。

若不慎誤食藥物(如兒童誤食),需立即就醫洗胃,並告知醫師藥物成分以利處理。

 

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常見問題

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常見問題

使用伯特米松與克霉唑後,如何正確清潔使用部位?

使用後建議等待約30分鐘讓藥物吸收,再進行清潔。若需立即洗澡,可用乾淨手指輕柔擦去表面藥膏,但避免用熱水或刺激性肥皂直接接觸患處,以免降低藥物效果或加重皮膚刺激。

若使用期間出現皮膚刺痛或脫皮,應如何處理?

輕微刺痛或脫皮可能是藥物常見反應,可先減少使用頻率並觀察。若症狀持續超過48小時或加重,應立即停用並聯絡醫師,可能需調整用藥方式或評估是否併發其他感染。

與其他外用類固醇藥膏同時使用時,需注意什麼?

避免與其他類固醇藥物(如氫化可的松)重疊使用,以免增加皮膚吸收量,增加副作用風險。若需合併其他藥物,務必先諮詢醫師或藥師,規劃正確的使用時序與部位分區。

治療期間能否接觸過敏原或過敏源?

治療期間應盡量避免接觸已知過敏原(如化妝品、金屬飾品),以減少皮膚刺激。若因工作或環境無法完全避免,可諮詢醫師是否需加強局部隔離措施,如使用防潰裂敷料。

完成療程後症狀消失,是否仍需持續使用藥物?

即使症狀緩解,也應遵醫囑完成完整療程,通常為1-2週,以防止真菌復發或過敏反跳現象。若擅自中斷,可能導致感染反覆或皮膚炎惡化,需嚴格遵循醫療指示。

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